The opinion of the court was delivered by
Perkins brought suit to quiet title against Spaulding and others. Service was made by publication and judgment was rendered for the plaintiff by default. In due time Spaulding procured the judgment to be opened and filed an answer and cross-petition denying title in Perkins, alleging ownership in herself, alleging that subsequent to the decree Perkins had conveyed the land, which was worth $1200, by warranty deed, and praying judgment either for the title or for the value of the land. Perkins then dismissed his cause of action for affirmative relief. Sub*304sequently, by agreement of parties, Edminston was made a defendant, Spaulding announcing at the time that she would amend her pleading within five days or else dismiss as to Edminston. After the five days had expired the case was called for hearing and Spaulding asked leave to dismiss as to Edminston, but permission to do so was denied. Edminston was then given leave to file an answer and cross-petition in which he alleged ownership and possession and that he purchased the land from Perkins by warranty deed after the rendition of the decree quieting title in Perkins and relying on the validity of such decree. Spaulding asked the statutory time in which to plead, but the application was refused and she was allowed to file a general denial instanter. Spaulding then dismissed as to Perkins and the case proceeded to trial. Edminston introduced in evidence the decree quieting title, Spaulding’s answer and cross-petition against Perkins and the warranty deed from Perkins to Edminston, and rested. Spaulding demurred to this evidence but the demurrer was overruled. Spaulding then offered in evidence a chain of title which, had it been admitted and considered, would have established title in herself. The court, however, took the position that this evidence could not be introduced by way of defense to Edminston’s claims and was competent only by way of evidence in chief under Spaulding’s cross-petition, and therefore excluded it. Judgment was rendered for Edminston and Spaulding appeals.
Spaulding had the right to dismiss her case so far as it involved affirmative relief against Edminston if she so desired. On being denied this right she was still entitled to the position of a defendant to Edminston’s answer and cross-petition and had the right to prove any facts which would defeat Edminston’s claim to relief against her.
Edminston failed to prove possession and failed to prove that he purchased in good faith relying on the *305decree quieting title: Spaulding’s pleading admitted nothing except the conveyance by Perkins, and the warranty deed by Perkins was not sufficient to establish the required facts. The recital in the deed of a consideration paid was • not evidence against Spaulding. (King v. Mead, 60 Kan. 539, 57 Pac. 113; Kruse v. Conklin, 82 Kan. 358, 108 Pac. 856; Doty v. Bitner, 82 Kan. 551, 108 Pac. 858.)
Without the payment of a valuable consideration on the strength of the decree Edminston could not be a purchaser in good faith as section 83 of the civil code requires, and one who asks affirmative relief, or makes an affirmative defense, on the ground that he has pur-’ chased real estate in good faith in consequence of a judgment quieting title based on publication, service and therefore subject to be opened up, has the burden of proof.
The j udgment is reversed and the cause is remanded for a new trial.
Mason, J., not sitting.