T1 Plaintiff/Appellant Shawna Rene Abraham, as widow and Personal Representative of the Estate of Robert Abraham, deceased, appeals from summary judgment granted to Defendant/Appellee Trail Lanes, Inc., dba Oakwood Bowl. The trial court docket sheet indicates Abraham dismissed her claims against the remaining defendants. Abraham filed this wrongful death action after her husband was murdered in the restroom at a bar in Trail Lanes' bowling alley. The record shows no dispute of material fact and Trail Lanes was entitled to judgment as a matter of law.1 We affirm.
12 In her First Amended Petition, filed April 8, 2013, Abraham alleged that Trail Lanes operates a bowling alley named Oakwood Bow! in Enid and that inside the bowling alley is a tavern where food and intoxicating beverages are sold. Abraham alleged that Defendant The Mine Company owned the tavern, which operated under the name The 300 Club, and that Defendant Healy is the principal of The Mine Company.2 Abraham alleged that her husband Robert Abraham (Decedent) was beaten to death in the men's restroom of the tavern on February 14, 2012. Abraham asserted that Healy and the bartender owed a duty to warn Decedent after the assailant announced his intent to assault him. Abraham asserted that all the defendants were negligent and that all the defendants were in a joint enterprise in running the bowling alley and were all therefore jointly liable. Abraham asserted that Trail Lanes was the landlord and therefore had a duty to exercise reasonable care to maintain safe premises.
13 Abraham alleged the defendants all breached the duty of care by failing to warn *1258Decedent of impending danger, by permitting the assailant to enter and remain on the premises when they knew of his prior violent actions towards patrons, by not immediately removing the assailant from the premises, by serving intoxicating beverages to the assailant when they knew of his propensity to become unruly and violent, by failing to aid Decedent during the attack, by failing to provide adequate security, and by failing to timely call police to intervene. Abraham asserted these breaches were the proximate cause of Decedent's death. Abraham asserted the defendants were liable also for gross negligence, negligent false imprisonment, professional negligence for failure to render aid, and for maintaining a public nuisance. Abraham sought damages for medical expenses, pain and suffering, funeral expenses, loss of consortium, as well as punitive damages.
T4 In its Answer, Trail Lanes admitted that Healy was the owner of The Mining Company and leased certain and exclusive premises at the bowling alley, at which food and intoxicating beverages were sold, and that Decedent was assaulted there by a person known to him but unaffiliated with Trail Lanes. Trail Lanes denied it was part of a joint enterprise or profit sharing arrangement and denied it was jointly Hable for any acts of the other Defendants. Trail Lanes defied it committed negligence or caused any damages suffered by Abraham. As affirmative defenses, Trail Lanes asserted Abraham had failed to state a claim against it, that her damages were caused by third parties for which Trail Lanes was not responsible, Decedent's negligence exceeded that of any Defendant, Decedent assumed the risk of harm, and Abraham's damages were proximately caused by the assailant and Trail Lanes had no knowledge of any threat or danger presented by the assailant.
15 Trail Lanes filed its Motion for Summary Judgment March 5, 2014. Trail Lanes included 28 statements of undisputed material facts.3 Trail Lanes argued it did not owe *1259a duty of care to Decedent as a matter of law. It argued that an invitor owes no duty to protect invitees from criminal acts of third parties unless the invitor had notice or had knowledge of a danger in time to remove it or give warning. Trail Lanes asserted it had no knowledge of Lewallen, who was a patron of The Mine Club as was Decedent, and Trail Lanes was closed for business at the time of the attack. Trail Lanes next contended that because there was no dispute that The Mine Club had exclusive control over the restroom at the time of the attack and because Trail Lanes had no knowledge of Lewallen or the danger he presented, Trail Lanes owed no duty to warn or protect Decedent. Trail Lanes argued that some of Abraham's factual allegations made in her First Amended Petition failed for lack of evidentiary support, including her assertion that employees of The Mine Club saw Lewallen pursue Decedent from behind but failed to- stop him. Trail Lanes next argued that Lewallen's criminal act was a supervening cause of Abraham's injury. Trail Lanes argued it did not falsely imprison Decedent as a matter of law because Decedent was not in the bowling alley on the night in question and the bow!-ing alley was closed for business at the time of the attack. Finally, Trail Lanes asserted Abraham could not prove a claim for public nuisance as a matter of law.
T6 In her response, Abrabam admitted Trail Lanes facts 1, 3, 9, 18, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22, 23, and 24. Abraham admitted in part and disputed in part Trail Lanes' facts 2, 4, 5, 10, and 26.4 Abraham disputed Trail Lanes' remaining statements of fact, numbers 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, 15, 20, 21, 25, 27, and 28.5 Abra*1260ham asserted Trail Lanes was independently liable because of the amount of control it maintained over the tavern. She argued that Trail Lanes owed a duty of care to Decedent as a business invitee and that the murder was foreseeable based on past criminal activity at the facility.
T7 The trial court granted summary judgment to Trail Lanes April 2, 2014. Abraham appeals. Summary judgment proceedings are governed by Rule 18, Rules for District Courts, 12 O.S.2011, Ch. 2, App.1. Summary judgment is appropriate where the record establishes no substantial controversy of material fact and the prevailing party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Brown v. Alliance Real Estate Group, 1999 OK 7, 976 P.2d 1043, 1045. Summary judgment is not proper where reasonable minds could draw different inferences or conclusions from the undisputed facts. Id. We review the evidence de movo, in the light most favorable to the party opposing summary judgment. Vance v. Fed. Natl. Mortg. Assn., 1999 OK 73, 988 P.2d 1275. All material facts set forth in the statement of the moving party which are supported by admissible evidence are deemed admitted for the purpose of sum-, mary judgment unless specifically controverted by the statement of the adverse party which is supported by admissible evidence. Oklahoma Dept. of Securities v. Wilcox, 2011 OK 82, ¶ 18, 267 P.3d 106, 110.
18 In her Petition in Error, Abraham argues two material facts are in dispute: whether Trail Lanes owed a duty of care to a customer using its restroom and whether the assault was foreseeable to Trail Lanes. Duty is an essential element of negligence and whether a defendant owed a duty of care to the plaintiff is a question of law. First Nat. Bank in Durant v. Honey Creek Entertainment Corp., 2002 OK 11, ¶ 17, 54 P.3d 100. An invitor has a duty to exercise reasonable care to prevent injury to a business invitee. Taylor v. Hynson, 1993 OK 93, ¶ 16, 856 P.2d 278, 281. However, an invitor does not have a duty to protect invitees from criminal acts by third persons, unless the invitor knows or has reason to know "that the acts of the third person are occurring, or are about to occur." Id. at ¶ 17.
T9 In Taylor, supra, the Oklahoma Supreme Court adopted § 344 of The Restatement (Second) of Torts, and more recently, the Oklahoma Supreme Court has adopted all of Comment £ to that section, in Bray v. St. John Health System, Inc., 2008 OK 51, 187 P.3d 721. That section provides, in pertinent part:
A possessor of land who holds it open to the public for entry for his business purposes is subject to liability to members of the public while they are upon the land for such a purpose, for physical harm caused by the accidental, negligent, or intentionally harmful acts of third persons or animals, and by the failure of the possessor to exercise reasonable care to
(a) discover that such acts are being done or are likely to be done, or
(b) give a warning adequate to enable the visitors to avoid the harm, or otherwise to protect them against it.
Comments
*oook ok
d. Reasonable care. A public utility or other possessor of land who holds it open to the public for entry for his business purposes is not an insurer of the safety of such visitors against the acts of third persons, or the acts of animals. He is, however, under a duty to exercise reasonable care to give them protection. In many cases a warning is sufficient care if the possessor reasonably believes that it will be enough to enable the visitor to avoid the harm, or protect himself against it. There are, however, many situations in which the possessor cannot reasonably assume that a warning will be sufficient. He is then required to exercise reasonable care to use such means of protection as are available, or to provide such means in advance because of the likelihood that third persons, or animals, may conduct themselves in a *1261manner which will endanger the safety of the visitor.
*ok ok
f. Duty to police premises. Since the possessor is not an insurer of the visitor's safety, he is ordinarily under no duty to exercise any care until he knows or has reason to know that the acts of the third person are occurring, or are about to occur. He may, however, know or have reason to know, from past experience, that there is a likelihood of conduct on the part of third persons in general which is likely to endanger the safety of the visitor, even though he has no reason to expect it on the part of any particular individual. If the place or character of his business, or his past experience, is such that he should reasonably anticipate careless or criminal conduct on the part of third persons, either generally or at some particular time, he may be under a duty to take precautions against it, and to provide a reasonably sufficient number of servants to afford a reasonable protection.
Trail Lanes was closed for the evening and its bowling facility was closed off from the tavern for the night when the attack occurred. The record does not create a question that Trail Lanes knew the attack was occurring or about the occur.6
{10 The effect of the remainder of comment f, however, is that a duty of care to warn or protect business invitees from erimi-nal acts of third parties may be shown where such conduct was foreseeable based on past experience. Bray, supra. Abraham relies on her attached police "calls for service" to create a question of fact on whether Trail Lanes' past experience made Decedent's murder foreseeable. As noted above, the bundle of "calls for service" are not arranged in any apparent order, are not tabbed, many either show no crime, show no location, or are dated after the assault at issue here. Abraham has failed to cite to specific portions of those documents which might support her claim that "dozens and dozens" of crimes happened at the bowling alley, and we find those documents do not show a question of fact on foreseeability before the assault on Decedent.
T 11 The prior altercation between Lewal-len and Decedent also fails to show the murderous attack was foreseeable to Trail Lanes because Abraham has failed to attach any evidentiary materials disputing Trail Lanes manager's deposition testimony that Trail Lanes had no knowledge of the prior attack or even of the existence of Lewallen. The testimony from witnesses indicates that three months earlier, Decedent said something in the tavern which angered Lewallen and tavern employees escorted Decedent to his car and asked him not to return. At some point, Decedent obtained permission from the tavern to return. Abraham has not attached any admissible evidence showing any Trail Lanes employee was on notice of that altercation or that it would lead to a violent assault three months later.
12 Abraham charges that Trail Lanes, as the property owner and landlord to The Mine Company, stands in the shoes of The Mine Company and therefore is charged with its knowledge of the prior altercation. Abraham's only relevant authority for this statement is § 360 of the Restatement (Second) of Torts, which provides:
A possessor of land, who leases a part thereof and retains in his own possession any other part which the lessee is entitled to use as appurtenant to the part leased to him, is subject to liability to his lessee and others lawfully upon the land with the consent of the lessee or a sub-lessee for bodily harm caused to them by a dangerous condition upon that part of the land retained in the lessor's control, if the lessor by the exercise of reasonable care could have discovered the condition and the unreasonable risk involved therein and could have made the condition safe.
The Oklahoma Supreme Court has not adopted this provision. And in any event the record does not show a condition Trail Lanes could have discovered and made safe. In her First Amended Petition Abraham asserted *1262Trail Lanes and the Mining Club were part of a joint enterprise, but the tavern lease does not contain any provision reflecting profit sharing or tying the monthly rental rate to income or other variable. Abraham has not presented evidence that Trail Lanes and The Mining Company had any relation other than landlord and tenant. The summary judgment record shows the criminal attack on Decedent was not foreseeable to Trail Lanes and therefore as a matter of law, Trail Lanes did not owe a duty to exercise care to warn or prevent the attack.
1183 We finally consider Abraham's claim that Trail Lanes was liable for maintaining a public nuisance.
A nuisance consists in unlawfully doing an act, or omitting to perform a duty, which act or omission either:
First. Annoys, injures or endangers the comfort, repose, health, or safety of others; or
Second. Offends decency; or
Third. Unlawfully interferes with, obstructs or tends to obstruct, or renders dangerous for passage, any lake or navigable river, stream, canal or basin, or any public park, square, street or highway; or
Fourth. In any way renders other persons insecure in life, or in the use of property, provided, this section shall not apply to preexisting agricultural activities.
50 O.S.2011 § 1. Abraham has not shown Trail Lanes acted unlawfully and we have found no duty it failed to perform. Accordingly, Abraham's nuisance claim fails as a matter of law.
T 14 The summary judgment record shows Trail Lanes did not owe a duty to warn or prevent the harm suffered by Decedent in this case. Accordingly, Trail Lanes was entitled to judgment as a matter of law.
AFFIRMED.
JOPLIN, P.J., and HETHERINGTON, V.C.J., concur.