The instruments are alike in terms and a copy of each is as follows: “$60.00. Des Moines, Iowa, June 8, 1898. There is due C. K. Mead, sixty *67dollars for work performed fór us during the months of May and June, 1898, which sum will be paid to himself or order on the 18th day of July, 1893, only upon presentation of this time check at our office, Ño. --- street, Des Moines, Iowa. Des Moines Water-Power Co., by C. K. Mead, Sec. & Manager.” These instruments were made by the Des Moines Water-Power Company, and delivered to -the defendant, C. K. Mead, and they were indorsed in blank by him and by C. H. Storms, and transferred to the plaintiff, who now owns them. They were duly protested for non-payment, and are now wholly unpaid. The demurrer was based upon the following grounds: “(1) That the written instruments set out in each of the counts of the petition are mere duebills, and are nonnegotiable instruments under the law merchant; and that this defendant, by the mere act of writing his name on the back of said instruments, merely transferred the ownership thereof, and did not in law become liable to the holder for the amount specified therein, nor become liable as guarantor of the payment thereof. (2) That this defendant, being payee of said duebills, by writing his name upon the back thereof, merely transferred the title, but assumed no further obligation to a subsequent holder, in the absence of express contract assuming such liability.”
The sole question to be determined is, whether the defendant, Mead, is absolutely liable for the payment of the instruments in suit, by reason of his indorsements thereof, and their transfer to the plaintiff. It is not denied that, if the instruments are negotiable,, the defendant is liable; but it is insisted that they are not negotiable, and that the effect of his indorsements, and the delivery of the paper to the plaintiff, was merely to transfer to the latter the right which the defendant had against the maker, and that the only contract implied in the transfer, on the part *68of the indorser, was that he was the owner of the instruments, and that they were genuine and unpaid. The instruments acknowledged that the sums of money specified were due to the defendant. In addition, each contains an undertaking to pay the specified sum of money to the defendant, or his order, on a day fixed, on the presentation of the instrument at a place designated. Whether the clause, making it payable “only upon presentation” at the office of the maker, created a condition, and provided for a contingency which made the instruments non-negotiable, we need not determine. Conceding, for the purposes of this case, that they were non-negotiable, we are of the opinion that the demurrer was properly overruled. The indorsing of the instruments by the defendant was. in effect, the making of a new contract, by which he undertook to pay the amounts due, as provided in the instruments, and not a mere transfer of the paper, as claimed by the defendant. Long v. Smyser, 3 Iowa, 270, Wilson v. Ralph, Id. 450; Billingham v. Bryan, 10 Iowa, 317; Tiedeman, Com. Paper, sections 257a, 257b. The right of action is given against all the indorsers, and is not limited to the immediate assignor of the plaintiff. Husa v. Hamblin, 29 Iowa, 502. The judgment of' the district court is. affirmed.