293 F. App'x 858

Nikerray MIDDLEBROOK, Appellant, v. Thomas CARROLL; Attorney General of State of Delaware; Carl Danberg.

No. 07-1474.

United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit.

Submitted Under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a) Sept. 9, 2008.

Filed: Sept. 22, 2008.

Nikerray Middlebrook, Smyrna, DE, pro se.

Elizabeth R. McFarlan, Department of Justice, Wilmington, DE, for Thomas Carroll; Attorney General of State of Delaware; Carl Danberg.

Before SLOVITER, FUENTES, and NYGAARD, Circuit Judges.

OPINION OF THE COURT

NYGAARD, Circuit Judge.

Nikerray Middlebrook was convicted of attempted first degree murder, first degree assault, possession of a weapon during the commission of a felony, and possession of a deadly weapon by a prohibited person. Middlebrook’s writ of habeas corpus under 28 U.S.C. § 2254 alleged, inter alia, the ineffective assistance of counsel for failure to raise in his direct appeal to the Delaware Supreme Court violations of his right to a speedy trial. In denying this claim of his writ, the District Court reasoned that, since Middlebrook’s speedy trial claim was without merit, counsel could not be deemed ineffective for failure to raise it. We will affirm.

On appeal, Middlebrook argues that the District Court misconstrued his argument when it focused only upon the trial. He asserted that his claim is properly read as asserting violation of rights to a speedy trial in the sentencing and appellate phase of his case. We certified for appeal the following question: “[Wlhether Middle-brook’s Sixth Amendment and Due Pro*859cess rights were violated by the delay between conviction and sentencing and the delay in the appeal process.”1

Due process guarantees an appeal that is both “adequate and effective.” Simmons v. Beyer, 44 F.3d 1160 (3d Cir.1995). Moreover, we have previously stated that speedy trial rights apply to sentencing. Burkett v. Cunningham, 826 F.2d 1208 (3d Cir.1987).

Following the traditional four-part analysis of speedy trial claims, we do not find any violation of Middlebrook’s Sixth Amendment or Fourteenth Amendment rights. See Burkett, 826 F.2d at 1222. The amount of time that transpired from conviction to sentencing (10 months) and between the court’s reimposition of his sentence and the decision on his appeal (approximately 28 months), were sufficiently long to meet the first prong of analysis of a speedy sentencing and a speedy appeal claim. Nonetheless, this factor alone is not determinative.

Regarding the prong that focuses upon the assertion of the right to a speedy sentence and appeal, the record shows that Middlebrook raised his concerns about delay early in the process. However, the court warned Middlebrook that the choices he was making with regard to the filing of pro se motions and changes in counsel would result in delay. This mitigates the importance of the timing of Middlebrook’s first assertion of rights.

In the same vein, the fact that Middle-brook’s multiple motions and changes in counsel caused a great deal of the delay disfavor Middlebrook’s claim. Moreover, the response of the state courts to Middle-brook’s numerous pleadings necessarily consumed time, and there is no evidence that either the state court or the government acted in a dilatory manner.2

Finally, we are not convinced that Mid-dlebrook suffered any appreciable prejudice in the time that he awaited sentencing and a decision on his appeal. Neither the anxiety or the loss of witnesses claimed by Middlebrook rises to the level of prejudice that is required of a due process claim. Particularly given that the four-prong analysis “is not to be applied uncritically” in assessing a delay claim in the appeal context, we find Middlebrook’s claims to be without merit.

Because we affirm the District Court’s general conclusion that counsel cannot be deemed ineffective where the claim that counsel supposedly failed to raise is merit-less, Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. *860668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984), we affirm the District Court’s denial of Middlebrook’s petition.

Middlebrook v. Carroll
293 F. App'x 858

Case Details

Name
Middlebrook v. Carroll
Decision Date
Sep 22, 2008
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293 F. App'x 858

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United States

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