630 F.2d 634

In re Stuart R. and Shiela M. TERRY, Debtors, A. L. TENNEY, Trustee, Appellant, v. Stuart R. and Shiela M. TERRY, Debtors, Appellees.

No. 80-1214.

United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit.

Submitted Sept. 17, 1980.

Decided Sept. 22, 1980.

A. L. Tenney, Trustee by A. L. Tenney, pro se, Little Rock, Ark.

Law Offices of George M. Callahan by Gary M. Lax, Hot Springs, Ark., for appellees.

Before ROSS, HENLEY and McMILLIAN, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM.

The debtors, Stuart and Shiela Terry, proposed a plan pursuant to Chapter 13 of the Bankruptcy Act of 1978, 11 U.S.C. §§ 1301-1330 (hereinafter the Act), under which they would pay nothing to their creditors. All of the creditors are unsecured, and all of the debtors’ property would be exempt under 11 U.S.C. § 522(d). The bankruptcy judge confirmed the plan over the trustee’s objection, and the trustee appeals.*6351 He contends that (1) the bankruptcy court erred in finding that the debtors were eligible for Chapter 13 relief, (2) the bankruptcy court erred in finding that the plan of the debtors was proposed in good faith, and in confirming the plan over the trustee’s objection. We consider these contentions in order and, for the reasons discussed below, reverse and remand for further proceedings.

The criteria for Chapter 13 eligibility are set forth in §§ 109(e) and 101(24). Section 109(e) provides “only an individual with regular income . . . or an individual with regular income and such individual’s spouse . . . may be a debtor under Chapter 13 .” Section 101(24) defines “individual with regular income” as an individual “whose income is sufficiently stable and regular to enable such individual to make payments under a plan under Chapter 13 of this title . . ..”

The debtors’ petition reveals that their monthly expenses exceed monthly income by $8.00. The bankruptcy judge reasoned that because the plan required no payments, the debtors’ income was sufficient to meet the “payments” proposed under the plan, and therefore, the debtors were eligible for Chapter 13 relief.

We cannot agree with this analysis. We think that § 101(24) contemplates that a debtor make payments, and that the debt- or’s income sufficiently exceeds his expenses so that he can maintain a payment schedule. The key statutory language is “make payments.” The debtors in this case have no excess income out of which to “make payments,” and therefore, they are not eligible for Chapter 13 relief under § 109(e).

We next consider the question of whether a zero payment Chapter 13 plan may be in good faith. The bankruptcy judge reasoned that a requirement of payments for “good faith” would create diffi-. culties, because such a requirement would necessitate a determination in every case of whether the proposed payments were sufficient for “good faith.” We agree that a payment required would create some difficulties,2 because of the absence of any statutory guideline as to the minimum necessary percentage payment. However, we cannot agree that a Chapter 13 plan to pay nothing may be in good faith.3 Such a plan amounts to an abuse of § 1328 (granting a more generous discharge than Chapter 7) and of the spirit of the chapter, that the debtor “make payments” under a plan. See In re Campbell, 3 B.R. 57, 59, 5 B.C.D. 1365, 1366 (S.D.Cal.Bankr.1980); In re Iacovoni, 2 B.R. 256, 262, 5 B.C.D. 1270, 1272 (D.Utah Bankr.1980).

*636We conclude that the bankruptcy court erred in confirming the zero payment plan.4

The order granting confirmation is reversed, and the case is remanded to the bankruptcy court for further proceedings.5

Tenney v. Terry
630 F.2d 634

Case Details

Name
Tenney v. Terry
Decision Date
Sep 22, 1980
Citations

630 F.2d 634

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United States

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