209 Mich. App. 490

ABNER v OAKLAND MALL LTD

Docket No. 151676.

Submitted January 11, 1995, at Detroit.

Decided January 24, 1995;

approved for publication March 22, 1995, at 9:10 a.m.

Monaghan, LoPrete, McDonald, Sogge & Yakima (by Mary A. Mahoney), for Larna Abner.

Richard A. Kudla & Associates (by Victoria P. Lupo) (Gross & Nemeth by Mary T. Nemeth, of Counsel), for Oakland Mall, Ltd., and Oakland Square Limited Partnership.

Plunkett & Cooney, P.C. (by Christine D. Oldani and Robert H. Martin), for Nation Wide Security, Inc.

Before: Connor, P.J., and Wahls and Saad, JJ.

Per Curiam.

Plaintiff appeals as of right from *491an April 8, 1992, order of the trial court that granted summary disposition for defendants and dismissed plaintiffs claims. In light of and in keeping with the rationale set forth in Scott v Harper Recreation, Inc, 444 Mich 441; 506 NW2d 857 (1993), we affirm.

The relevant facts in this case are undisputed. On August 11, 1989, plaintiff was raped by an unknown assailant in the rear parking lot of the Oakland Square shopping center. The incident occurred in the early evening as plaintiff walked to her car after working a shift at one of the retail stores. The retail store was located in the Oakland Square shopping center. The premises were owned by defendants Oakland Mall, Ltd., and Oakland Square Limited Partnership, who had contracted with codefendant Nation Wide Security, Inc., to provide security services at the shopping center.

Plaintiff alleged in her second amended complaint that defendants were negligent in failing to ensure that the premises were reasonably safe. Plaintiff also claimed that the premises were inherently dangerous and constituted a nuisance to the public. Defendants moved for summary disposition.1 After conducting a hearing regarding defendants’ motions, the trial court granted summary disposition for defendants.2

In granting defendants’ motions, the trial court relied upon the holding in Williams v Cunningham Drug Stores, Inc, 429 Mich 495; 418 NW2d 381 (1988) (merchants do not have a duty to provide *492security guards to protect customers from the criminal acts of third parties). At the time that the trial court made its ruling, this Court had recently released its decision in Scott v Harper Recreation, Inc, 192 Mich App 137; 480 NW2d 270 (1991), wherein a panel of this Court found that the plaintiff had "alleged a valid claim of voluntary assumption of the duty to provide security.” Id. at 143. Although the defendants here also voluntarily hired security guards, the trial court distinguished Scott and instead relied upon the Supreme Court’s holding in Williams, supra. Now, in light of the Supreme Court’s reversal of this Court’s decision in Scott, and its reaffirmation of the principles articulated in Williams, we affirm the decision of the trial court.

The primary issue in this case concerns whether defendants had a duty to protect plaintiff from the criminal acts of third parties. Plaintiff relies upon the decisions of this Court in Scott, supra, and Rhodes v United Jewish Charities of Detroit, 184 Mich App 740; 459 NW2d 44 (1990), to support her theory that defendants may be liable for their negligent performance of their voluntarily assumed duty to provide security services. However, plaintiffs arguments must fail following the Supreme Court’s reversal of this Court’s decision in Scott.

In Scott, supra at 452, our Supreme Court reaffirmed the importance of the principle set forth in Williams that "merchants are ordinarily not responsible for the criminal acts of third persons.” Further, the Supreme Court in Scott, supra at 451-452, adopted the public policy rationale of Tame v A L Damman Co, 177 Mich App 453; 442 NW2d 679 (1989), that merchants who attempt to provide security services should not be penalized for doing so. The Supreme Court criticized this Court’s decision in Rhodes, and stated that "[t]o the extent *493that Rhodes implies that an agreement to provide security is an actionable warranty that the guarded area will be safe from all criminal activity, it is inconsistent with Michigan law.” Scott, supra at 452. The Supreme Court then expanded upon the holding in Williams, wherein it reasoned as follows:

The central holding of Williams is that merchants are ordinarily not responsible for the criminal acts of third persons. The present suit is an attempt to circumvent that holding by invoking the principle that a person can be held liable for improperly discharging a voluntarily undertaken function. However, the rule of Williams remains in force, even where a merchant voluntarily takes safety precautions. Suit may not be maintained on the theory that the safety measures are less effective than they could or should have been. [Scott, supra at 452.]

After reviewing the pleadings and the record, we are convinced that the trial court properly dismissed plaintiff’s claims. The essence of plaintiff’s claims is that the safety measures voluntarily undertaken by defendants were less effective than they could or should have been. The Supreme Court’s decision in Scott clearly precludes recovery under such a theory.3

*494For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the decision of the trial court.

Abner v. Oakland Mall Ltd.
209 Mich. App. 490

Case Details

Name
Abner v. Oakland Mall Ltd.
Decision Date
Jan 24, 1995
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209 Mich. App. 490

Jurisdiction
Michigan

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